心室辅助装置(VAD)

什么是心室辅助装置(VAD)?

A ventricular assist device (VAD) is a mechanical pump that helps the heart function in patients with severe 心脏衰竭. It can serve as either a temporary or permanent support for your heart and often acts as a bridge for patients waiting for a 心脏移植手术.

VAD通过心内直视手术植入胸腔. Once implanted, it pumps blood from the heart's lower chambers to the rest of the body. 这种泵送减少了你的心脏的负荷, which can help prolong your life and improve symptoms like fatigue and breathlessness.

In some cases, the VAD may help return the heart to its normal functions. 如果发生这种情况，设备可以被移除.

所有vad都由几个部分组成. A small tube is connected to the heart and carries blood to the pump, which may be worn outside the body or implanted in the abdomen or chest. Another tube carries blood from the pump back to your aorta, the main artery in the body. There's also a control system and a battery pack, which are worn outside the body. The VAD's external parts are connected to the internal parts via a tube through the side of your abdomen.

我们对心室辅助装置(VAD)的研究

UCSF uses several different types of ventricular assist devices (VAD). The most common type, known as an LVAD, supports the left ventricle of the heart. Other types support the right ventricle (known as an RVAD) or both chambers (a biventricular assist device, or BiVAD). 我们的团队将根据您的具体情况确定最佳选择.

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VAD的评估

Our team will evaluate your case to determine if you might benefit from a ventricular assist device (VAD).

在评估过程中，我们将讨论各种类型的vad, 哪种对你的情况最好. We'll also answer any questions you have about the device and the implantation procedure.

如果出现以下情况，十大赌博平台排行榜可能会建议使用VAD:

你在等心脏移植手术. VAD将被暂时植入, and you can return home while you wait for a donor heart to become available. 当你接受了新心脏，VAD就会被移除. 这种暂时使用VAD的方法被称为桥接疗法.
你不适合做心脏移植手术. A VAD can be a long-term solution to help your heart function when medication isn't helping, 但你没有资格做移植手术. In this case, the VAD is permanently implanted, which can significantly improve your quality of life. 这种治疗被称为目的治疗.
你的心脏功能可以恢复正常. 如果你正在从心脏手术或心脏病发作中恢复, VAD可以在你康复的时候帮助你的心脏休息. It is removed once your heart is healthy enough to pump blood on its own again. 在这种情况下，您可能只需要VAD几周或几个月.

VAD的风险

vad确实存在风险, 包括任何大手术的风险, 以及风险 stroke切口或心脏出血或感染. There's also an ongoing risk of infection at the wound site where tubing connects the internal pump to the external power source.

VAD操作步骤

在使用心室辅助装置之前, you will undergo tests to assess the function of your heart and your overall condition. 这些检查确保你足够健康，可以做手术.

这些测试可能包括:

血液测试. 在这些测试中，你的手臂会抽血. 在验血前你可能需要禁食12小时.
胸部x光片. This test checks for calcium deposits and gives information about the size and shape of the heart and lungs.
超声心动图. This test uses sound waves to produce pictures of your heart that can then be diagnosed.
心电图(心电图). This test records electrical activity in your heart and registers any irregularities. You may be asked to wear a portable EKG device that monitors your heart 24 hours a day for up to 14 days.
心导管检查. This procedure involves threading a thin tube into the heart to gather information on its function.

VAD手术

Implanting the VAD requires open-heart surgery under general anesthesia. 你在手术过程中会睡着，不会有任何感觉. 手术大约需要4到6个小时. Afterward, you will be transferred to the intensive care unit for recovery. 你将戴上呼吸机, 或者呼吸机, 直到你醒过来，能自己呼吸.

维护VAD

During your hospital stay we will teach you and your designated caregiver about the device. This will include giving you instructions for maintaining and protecting it and what to do in case of emergency. By the time you leave the hospital, you and your caregiver will be comfortable with your VAD.

We will also communicate with your primary care doctor and your local emergency services – such as the ambulance service or fire department – to alert them that you have a VAD and to explain what this means for your care.

It's possible to damage your VAD by touching certain electronic equipment, so your health care team will instruct you about handling electronic equipment before you leave the hospital.

持续的VAD维护和日常工作

一旦你回家, there are things you will need to do to ensure your ventricular assisted device continues to work properly.

每天检查. All you need to do is press a button, which will start the device’s self-test. 测试只需要几秒钟.
更换敷料. Your caregiver will need to change the dressing covering the site where the device exits your body. 这需要15到30分钟.
服用血液稀释剂. Depending on the type of VAD you have, you may need to take a blood thinner medication.
洗个澡. 在植入VAD后，你不能游泳或洗澡, 但一旦出口愈合, you'll be able to shower using a special covering that protects the device from getting wet.

帮助你的VAD

When you're discharged, we will give you contact information for the 机械循环支持方案 team. 如果你的VAD有任何问题, 您将能够一天24小时联系您的支持人员, 一周七天.

加州大学旧金山分校健康医学专家已经审查了这些信息. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.